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Ming Ding | Information Security and

Privacy Group | Data61, CSIROPrivacy legislation and regulations

•The United States of America (USA)

➢2003 -California Online Privacy Protection Act ( CalOPPA ): The first state law in the nation to

require commercial websites and online services to post a privacy policy . CalOPPA requires a

website to feature a conspicuous privacy policy stating exactly what information is collected and

with whom it is shared . Those who fail to do so are at risk of civil litigation under the state’s Unfair

Competition Law. [Explicit provision of privacy policy] (https://consumercal.org/about -cfc/cfc -

education -foundation/california -online -privacy -protection -act-caloppa -3/)

➢2009 -Economic & Clinical Health Act ( HITECH ): This Act addresses the privacy and security

concerns associated with the electronic transmission of health information . Also, it strengthens

the civil and criminal enforcement of the HIPAA rules. [HIPAA+CalOPPA ]

(https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for -professionals/special -topics/hitech -act-enforcement -interim -final-

rule/index.html )